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welding training guide
Heat_affected_zone
The
effects of welding on the material surrounding the weld can be
detrimental – depending on the materials used and the heat
input of the welding process used, the HAZ can be of varying size and
strength. The thermal diffusivity of the base material plays a large
role—if the diffusivity is high, the material cooling rate is
high and the HAZ is relatively small. Alternatively, a low diffusivity
leads to slower cooling
and a larger HAZ. The amount of heat inputted
by the welding process plays an important role as well, as processes
like oxyacetylene welding have an unconcentrated heat input and
increase the size of the HAZ. Processes like laser beam welding give a
highly concentrated, limited amount of heat, resulting in a small HAZ.
Arc welding falls between these two extremes, with the individual
processes varying somewhat in heat input.
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